Zentel, known by its generic name Albendazole, is a broad-spectrum anthelmintic used to treat various parasitic worm infections. Manufactured by GlaxoSmithKline, Zentel is widely used to eliminate intestinal parasites such as roundworms, tapeworms, hookworms, and whipworms, as well as tissue infections caused by parasites. The 400 mg tablet is commonly prescribed to adults for the treatment of these conditions. This article outlines the recommended dosage of Zentel 400 mg for adults, its usage, and precautions.
Recommended Dosage of Zentel 400 mg for Adults
The dosage of Zentel depends on the specific parasitic infection being treated, as well as the individual’s medical history and overall health. Below are the general guidelines for adult patients:
For Intestinal Worm Infections:
The typical dosage for treating intestinal worms such as roundworms, hookworms, and whipworms is 400 mg once as a single dose. This one-time dose is usually sufficient for eliminating the infection. In some cases, such as persistent infections, a second dose may be required after two weeks.
For Tapeworm Infections (Cysticercosis and Hydatid Disease):
In cases of neurocysticercosis (pork tapeworm infection of the brain), the typical dosage is 400 mg twice daily for 8 to 30 days. This is a long-term treatment requiring multiple doses to effectively treat the cysts formed in the body.
For hydatid disease (caused by the Echinococcus tapeworm), the dosage is also 400 mg twice daily, but the duration of treatment may extend for 28 days, followed by a 14-day break, and then repeated over multiple cycles depending on the severity of the infection. Treatment can last for up to three cycles.
For Lymphatic Filariasis:
Zentel is often used in combination with other medications, such as diethylcarbamazine (DEC) or ivermectin, for the treatment of lymphatic filariasis. The typical dosage is 400 mg as a single dose, often taken along with other drugs, and may need to be repeated annually in endemic areas.
For Cutaneous Larva Migrans:
The recommended dosage for this skin infection caused by migrating hookworm larvae is 400 mg once daily for 1 to 3 days.
For Strongyloidiasis (Threadworm):
In the case of strongyloidiasis, which involves threadworm infection, the recommended dosage is 400 mg once daily for 3 days.
How to Take Zentel 400 mg
Zentel 400 mg should be taken with food to improve absorption, as Albendazole is better absorbed when taken with a fatty meal.
It is important to chew the tablet thoroughly before swallowing, or it can be swallowed whole with water. The medication is generally well-tolerated by adults when taken in the prescribed dosages.
Precautions and Warnings
Pregnancy and Breastfeeding:
Zentel is contraindicated in pregnancy, especially during the first trimester, as it can cause harm to the developing fetus. Women of childbearing age should take Zentel only after confirming they are not pregnant, and contraception should be used during and for at least one month after treatment. Zentel should also be used with caution in breastfeeding mothers.
Liver Function:
Albendazole is metabolized in the liver, so it is important to monitor liver function during long-term treatments like those for hydatid disease or neurocysticercosis. Liver enzyme levels should be checked regularly to avoid potential toxicity.
Blood Disorders:
Albendazole can cause bone marrow suppression, leading to conditions such as leukopenia (low white blood cell count). For individuals undergoing prolonged treatment, blood tests are recommended to monitor these potential side effects.
Drug Interactions:
Zentel may interact with other medications, such as dexamethasone, praziquantel, and cimetidine, which can increase its plasma concentration. Therefore, it’s important to consult a doctor before starting treatment if any of these drugs are being taken concurrently.
Side Effects
Common side effects of Zentel 400 mg include gastrointestinal discomfort, such as nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, and abdominal pain. Some patients may experience headaches or dizziness. In rare cases, more serious side effects can occur, such as liver dysfunction, allergic reactions, or bone marrow suppression.
Conclusion
Zentel 400 mg is an effective and widely used treatment for various parasitic infections. The dosage for adults depends on the type of infection being treated, with a single 400 mg dose often sufficient for intestinal worms, while more complex conditions like neurocysticercosis and hydatid disease require longer treatment courses. It is essential to follow medical advice, take precautions, and be aware of possible side effects during treatment. Always consult a Healthcare provider for accurate diagnosis and the appropriate dosage tailored to individual needs.
